Definition, Purpose, Generic Structure, Language Feature, and Example of Hortatory Exposition

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Definition :

A text that explain an arguments or reasons to support the writer opinion.

Purpose :

To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the case.

Text organization :

Thesis (announcement of issue concern)
Arguments (reasons for concern, leading to recommendation)
Recommendation (statement of what ought or ought not to happen)

Language features :

Focus on generic human and non human participants, except for speaker or write referring to self.
The use of mental processes : to state what writer thinks or feels about issue, e.g. realize, feel, appreciate.
The use of material processes : to state what happens, e.g., is polluting, drive, travel, spend, should be treated.
The use of relational processes : to state what is or should be, e.g., doesn't seem to have been, is.
The use of simple present tense.
The use of emotive words (ex : alarmed, worried)
The use of words that qualify statements (ex : usual, probably)
The use of words that link arguments (ex : firstly, however, on the other hand, therefore)
The use of compound and complex sentences.
The use of modals and adverbs (ex : can, may, certainly, get, stop)
The use of subjective opinions using pronoun I and we.

Types :

Letters to the editor
Plead in a trial case
Speeches
Advertising

Examples of hortatory Exposition :

Country Concern

Thesis

In all the discussion over the removal of lead from petrol (and the atmosphere) there doesn't seem to have been any mention of the difference between driving in the city and in the country.

Argument 1

While I realize my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you travel throught the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.

Argument 2

Those who want to penalize older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners don't seem to appreciate that, in the country, there is no public transport to fall back upon and one's own vehicle is the only way to get about.

Recommendation

I feel that country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who already spend get deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who lives in the city.